Strategic Approaches & Detailed Actions

1. Health

Eco-Friendly WaSH Infrastructure

A cornerstone of SO2 is the deployment of environmentally sustainable WaSH infrastructure tailored to the needs of rural and refugee communities. The program installed 50 WaSH facilities, including deep tube wells and solar-powered water treatment systems, across target areas. These facilities serve approximately 35,000 people, providing reliable access to clean water and sanitation.

  • Deep Tube Wells: In rural areas with limited groundwater access, deep tube wells were installed to tap into aquifers, ensuring a consistent supply of potable water. These wells are designed to withstand seasonal fluctuations and are equipped with manual pumps that require minimal maintenance, making them suitable for remote communities.
  • Solar-Powered Water Treatment Systems: To address water contamination, solar-powered treatment systems were introduced. These systems use renewable energy to purify water, reducing reliance on fossil fuels and ensuring sustainability in off-grid areas. The systems are equipped with filtration units that remove pathogens and sediments, delivering safe drinking water.
  • Three-Chamber Pond Filtration Systems: In areas where groundwater is scarce, innovative three-chamber pond filtration systems were implemented. These systems use natural filtration processes to purify surface water, making it safe for drinking and household use. The design is cost-effective, easy to maintain, and environmentally friendly, as it leverages local resources and minimizes waste.
  • Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights (SRHR) The SO2 program integrates SRHR by promoting menstrual hygiene management (MHM) through the distribution of 2,500 MHM kits and the establishment of 50 adolescents, empowering adolescent girls in rural communities with knowledge and resources to manage their reproductive health with dignity, reducing stigma, and improving school attendance. These infrastructure interventions have significantly reduced waterborne diseases, with a reported 40% decrease in incidence across target communities. By prioritizing eco-friendly technologies, the program ensures long-term sustainability and resilience against climate variability.
Inclusive Sanitation Facilities

Recognizing the unique needs of women, children, and persons with disabilities, SO2 incorporated inclusive design principles into its sanitation facilities. Latrines were equipped with lighting to enhance safety and accessibility, particularly for women and girls who face risks when using facilities at night. These latrines are designed with ramps and handrails to accommodate persons with disabilities, ensuring equitable access.
In schools, the program promoted sanitation by constructing gender-segregated latrines and handwashing stations. These facilities encourage consistent hygiene practices among students and reduce absenteeism, particularly among adolescent girls during menstruation. The provision of safe, private sanitation spaces has fostered a culture of dignity and inclusivity in target communities.

Menstrual Hygiene Management (MHM)

Menstrual hygiene is a critical yet often overlooked aspect of WaSH, particularly for adolescent girls in disadvantaged communities. SO2 addressed this gap by distributing MHM kits to 500 adolescents directly and also indirectly attend the yard and school class session and become learned about MHM awareness. These kits included reusable sanitary pads, soap, and educational materials, enabling girls to manage menstruation with dignity and confidence.

  • MHM Centers: Dedicated MHM centers in Cox's Bazar where project contribute, providing safe spaces for girls to access hygiene products, receive education, and discuss menstrual health. These centers are staffed by trained facilitators who offer guidance and support, reducing stigma around menstruation.
  • Adolescent Groups: The formation of 50 adolescent fostered peer-to-peer learning and empowerment. These adolescents were conducted regular meetings to discuss menstrual hygiene, share experiences, and advocate for improved facilities in schools and communities. The groups also trained girls to produce reusable sanitary pads, promoting self-reliance and sustainability. The MHM component has had a profound impact, with 80% of adolescent girls reporting improved hygiene practices. By addressing cultural taboos and providing practical solutions, SO2 has empowered girls to stay in school and participate fully in community life.
Mother and Child Care Program

In southwest Bangladesh, particularly in coastal districts like Bagerhat, communities face significant health challenges due to poverty, food insecurity, and limited healthcare infrastructure. Maternal and child mortality rates in these areas is approximately 20% higher than the national average, driven by inadequate access to quality care, malnutrition, and preventable diseases. Under-5 malnutrition, particularly stunting, affects nearly 40% of children in these regions, impairing physical and cognitive development and perpetuating cycles of poverty. The Mother and Child Care Program was designed to address these issues through targeted, community-driven interventions that prioritize the most vulnerable stages of life: pregnancy, childbirth, and early childhood.

Immunization Programs

To protect children from preventable diseases, the program has integrated immunization services into its community-based approach. Around 90% of children under 5 in intervention areas have been vaccinated against diseases such as measles, polio, and diphtheria. Mobile immunization camps, staffed by trained health workers, reach remote villages, ensuring coverage even in geographically isolated areas. This has contributed to a significant reduction in illness-related mortality, with under-5 mortality rates dropping by an estimated 15% in targeted communities.

Antenatal and Postnatal Care

The program provides comprehensive antenatal and postnatal care to pregnant and lactating mothers, serving approximately 1,200 women annually. Regular check-ups, nutritional supplementation (e.g., iron and folic acid), and monitoring of high-risk pregnancies help detect and manage complications early. Postnatal care includes breastfeeding support, maternal health assessments, and guidance on newborn care. These services have reduced maternal complications by around 20%, ensuring safer pregnancies and healthier outcomes for both mothers and infants.

Safe Delivery and Skilled Birth Attendance

Safe delivery counseling is a cornerstone of the program, with trained health workers educating expectant mothers on the importance of skilled birth attendance. Approximately 85% of deliveries in intervention areas now occur in hygienic, well-equipped facilities, supported by partnerships with local health centers. Emergency referral systems ensure timely access to advanced care for high-risk cases, contributing to a roughly 25% reduction in maternal mortality rates in participating communities.

Bagerhat Eye Hospital

In Bagerhat, geographic isolation and economic constraints severely limit access to specialized eye care. Preventable and treatable eye conditions, such as cataracts and glaucoma, affect approximately 10% of the population, often leading to blindness, reduced productivity, and diminished quality of life. The Bagerhat Eye Hospital, established under VBHES, addresses these challenges by providing affordable, high-quality eye care to rural and peri-urban communities.

2. Educaton

Behavior Change and Community Awareness

Sustainable WaSH outcomes depend not only on infrastructure but also on community adoption of hygiene practices. SO2 implemented comprehensive behavior change campaigns to promote handwashing, safe water storage, and proper sanitation. These campaigns were tailored to local cultural contexts, using participatory methods such as community workshops, theater performances, and peer-led discussions.

  • Community Awareness Campaigns: Over 100 awareness sessions were conducted, reaching thousands of community members. These sessions emphasized the importance of hygiene in preventing diseases and included practical demonstrations of handwashing techniques and water treatment methods.
  • School-Based Programs: In schools, SO2 introduced hygiene education programs to instill lifelong habits in children. Interactive sessions covered topics such as handwashing, safe water handling, and the importance of using latrines. These programs were complemented by the installation of child-friendly handwashing stations and sanitation facilities.
  • Child protection and positive parenting: About 350 HH are become aware about positive parenting care and child protection.

The behavior change initiatives benefited 15,000 individuals in communities in Cox's Bazar. By engaging community leaders, teachers, and youth groups, the program ensured that hygiene messages were disseminated effectively and sustained over time.

Education and Child Protection Program

In Cox’s Bazar and other underserved areas of southwest Bangladesh, educational disparities are stark. Approximately 30% of children, particularly in rural and refugee communities, are out of school due to poverty, early marriage, and lack of infrastructure. Girls face heightened risks, with child marriage contributing to a dropout rate of nearly 25% among adolescent females. Limited access to electricity in rural schools restricts learning hours and digital education, while inadequate teacher training hampers quality instruction. The Education and Child Protection Program under SO4 addresses these challenges through inclusive education, child protection, and community-driven solutions, targeting the most vulnerable children in host and refugee communities.

Child Protection Education: VBHES signed Memoranda of Understanding (MoUs) with schools to implement child protection policies, training teachers and SMCs in safeguarding practices. These policies protect approximately 4,000 children from abuse, neglect, and exploitation.

Early Childhood Care and Development (ECCD)

The program has implemented ECCD initiatives for approximately 1,800 children aged 3–6, focusing on early learning, socialization, and cognitive development. Community-based ECCD centers provide play-based learning, nutrition support, and parental engagement sessions. These centers, staffed by trained facilitators, have improved school readiness, with about 85% of participants transitioning successfully to primary education. The holistic approach ensures children develop foundational skills in a nurturing environment, setting the stage for lifelong learning.

3. Agriculture

Resilient agriculture

Resilient agriculture forms the cornerstone of SO1, addressing the challenges posed by climate change and environmental degradation. The program promotes climate-smart agricultural practices that enhance productivity, adaptability, and sustainability. Key activities include:

  • Technology Transfer: Over 15,000 farmers have been directly and indirectly trained in climate-smart techniques, such as drought-resistant crop varieties, integrated pest management, and efficient water use. These practices help farmers adapt to changing climatic conditions while maintaining or increasing yields.
  • Soil Health Management: The program emphasizes soil conservation techniques, including organic farming and crop rotation, to improve soil fertility and reduce dependency on chemical inputs.
  • Crop Diversification: Farmers are encouraged to grow a variety of crops to reduce risks associated with monoculture and ensure year-round food security.
  • Extension Services: Partnerships with agricultural experts and local institutions provide ongoing support, ensuring farmers have access to the latest research and innovations.
  • Tree Plantation: The program has distributed tree for community level plantation toward ensure environmental care and climate justice.

By equipping farmers with these tools and knowledge, the program enhances their ability to withstand environmental shocks and maintain stable livelihoods.

4. DRR (Disaster Risk Reduction)

DRR (Disaster Risk Reduction)

To reduce vulnerability in flood-prone and disaster-affected areas, the program conducts DRR awareness training and implements community-based resilience measures. Key activities include:

  • Training and Awareness: Over 500 individuals have participated in DRR training, learning skills such as early warning systems, evacuation planning, and flood-resistant construction techniques.
  • Community Preparedness: The program supports the development of community-level disaster preparedness plans, ensuring rapid response and recovery during natural disasters.
  • Infrastructure Improvements: Investments in flood-resistant infrastructure, such as elevated storage facilities and drainage systems, reduce the impact of disasters on livelihoods.

These measures have significantly reduced vulnerability and enhanced community resilience in high-risk areas.

5. Enerygy Solutions

Enerygy Solutions

Through Welcare Power Ltd., the program expands access to clean energy, supporting both community infrastructure and household needs. Key achievements include:

  • Solar Energy Distribution: Solar energy powers five pond sand filters at the community level, providing clean water to vulnerable populations.
  • Household Energy Access: LEDs powered by solar energy have been distributed to households, reducing reliance on fossil fuels and improving living conditions.
  • Scalable Solutions: The program is expanding solar infrastructure to additional communities, ensuring sustainable energy access for more households.

6. ICT and Skill Development

ICT for Entrepreneurship Development

In the southwest region of Bangladesh, where unemployment among young people—especially women—remains a pressing challenge, VBHES has launched a forward-looking initiative to harness the potential of Information and Communication Technology

for Development (ICT4D). Through this program, nearly 600 youth from different areas of the Khulna division have received specialized training designed to equip them with digital skills relevant to both local and global markets. The initiative has facilitated the creation of community-level information and e-commerce hubs, which not only provide access to essential services and market information but also act as incubators for startup enterprises that address local needs. By learning digital entrepreneurship, online marketing, and service delivery, these young people are now able to establish and run small-scale businesses, offering everything from local produce sales to online customer services. In addition, the program's emphasis on outsourcing skills has opened up opportunities for remote work—particularly empowering for women, who can now participate in the digital economy without leaving their homes.

This approach not only reduces the barriers to employment in geographically isolated or socially restrictive environments but also contributes to financial independence and increased community participation for women. By combining skills training, entrepreneurship support, and access to digital infrastructure, the ICT4D initiative is transforming rural youth into drivers of innovation, economic growth, and social change in one of the most climate- and economically vulnerable regions of Bangladesh.

ICT Training

In collaboration with NeuraTech Ltd., VBHES trained approximately 200 youth in ICT, web development, and cybersecurity in Cox’s Bazar. These courses, offered through community tech hubs, equip participants with in demand skills for the digital economy. Approximately 60% of trainees have secured freelance or full-time roles, enhanced their economic prospects and contributed to community development.